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Table 17: Summary of strength of evidence linking diet to periodontal disease

Evidence Decreased risk No relationship Increased risk
Convincing Good oral hygiene   Deficiency of vitamin C
Probable      
Possible     Undernutrition
Insufficient Antioxidant nutrients Vitamin E supplementation Sucrose

Source: WHO/FAO "Diet, Nutrition and the prevention of chronic diseases"
Section 5.6.4 Strength of evidence 

Related publication:
Diet & Nutrition homeDiet and Nutrition Prevention of Chronic Diseases
Other Figures & Tables on this publication:

Table 1: Global and regional per capita food consumption (kcal per capita per day)

Table 2. Vegetable and animal sources of energy in the diet (kcal per capita per day)

Table 3: Vegetable and animal sources of energy in the diet (kcal per capita per day) Supply of fat (g per capita per day)

Table 4. Per capita consumption of livestock products

Table 6. Ranges of population nutrient intake goals

Table 7: Summary of strength of evidence on factors that might promote or protect against weight gain and obesitya

Table 8: Classification of overweight in adults according to BMIa

Table 9: Summary of strength of evidence on lifestyle factors and risk of developing type 2 diabetes  

Table 10: Summary of strength of evidence on lifestyle factors and risk of developing cardiovascular diseases  

Table 11: Summary of strength of evidence on lifestyle factors and the risk of developing cancer  

Table 12: Trends in levels of dental caries in 12-year-olds mean [number of] delayed, missing, filled permanent teeth (DMFT) per person aged 12 years [as a result of carries]

Table 13: Prevalence of toothlessness (edentulousness) in older people throughout the world

Table 14: Summary of strength of evidence linking diet to dental caries

Table 15: Summary of strength of evidence linking diet to dental erosion

Table 16: Summary of strength of evidence linking diet to enamel developmental defects

Table 17: Summary of strength of evidence linking diet to periodontal disease

Table 18: Summary of strength of evidence linking diet to osteoporotic fractures

Figure 3: Trends in the supply of vegetables, by region, 1970-2000

Figure 4: Ranges of population nutrient intake goals

Figure 2. Calories from major commodities in developing countries

Comment

Degrees of evidence by the Joint WHO/FAO Expert Consultation