Similar term(s): feedback loop.
The process by which a system responds to a disturbance that makes it deviate from its initial state.
Source: GreenFacts
Positive feedback is a feedback that has a net effect of amplifying perturbation. [This can lead to a runaway or vicious cycle that pushes the system further and further from equilibrium].
Negative feedback is a feedback that has a net effect of dampening perturbation. [This regulatory mechanism tends to maintain the system in a constant state.]
Español: Retroacción
Français: Rétroaction