Structure and uses of the three phthalates assessed by the ECB

	DIDP	DINP	DBP
Other names	di-isodecyl phthalate	di-isononyl phthalate	di-butyl phthalate
	1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, di-C9-11-branched alkyl esters, C10 rich	1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, di-C8-10-branched alkyl esters, C9 rich	1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, dibutyl ester (9CI)
Average formula	C28 H46 O4	C26 H42 O4	C16 H22 O4
Description	Oily liquid, low water solubility, non-volatile
Uses	95% : PVC plasticiser 5% : polymer-related uses other than PVC (e.g. rubbers), non-polymer applications including paints, sealing compounds, textile inks, lacquers, adhesives		75%: polymer plasticiser (PVC and others) 14%: adhesives, 7%: printing inks 3%: other uses, including cosmetics
EU Production	1994: 200 000 tonnes (EU-12)	1994: 107 000 tonnes (EU-12)	1998: 26 000 tonnes (EU-15)
Largest uses in quantity
wires and cables	27 400 tonnes/year	14 510 tonnes/year	na
flooring	20 055 tonnes/year	10 658 tonnes/year	na
shoe soles	15 843 tonnes/year	8 313 tonnes/year	na
car undercoating	14 516 tonnes/year	7 714 tonnes/year	na

Source: GreenFacts based on ECB Summary Risk Assessment Reports on  DIDP (2003),  DINP (2003), and  DBP (2003-2004)

Phthalate Di-isodecyl & Di-isononyl phthalates

Approximation of the relative importance of the consumption of four of the main phthalates in the European Union in the 1990s

Table 2.1 Volumes of DIDP in different articles and their respective lifetimes

Table 3.2 PECs calculated for the various stages of the life cycle of DIDP

Consumer exposure to DIDP and DINP

Internal exposure for adults, children and infants.

Table 1.1 Summary of physico-chemical properties (DIDP)

Table 1.1 Summary of physico-chemical properties (DINP)

Table 2.1 Volumes of DIDP in different articles and their respective lifetimes

Table 2.1 Volumes of DINP in different articles and their respective lifetimes

Table 3.1 Total releases to waste water, surface water and air (DIDP)

Table 3.1 Total releases to waste water, surface water and air (DINP)

Table 3.2 PECs calculated for the various stages of the life cycle of DIDP

Table 3.3 PEC/PEC ratios for agricultural soil (DIDP)

Table 3.4 PEC/PNEC ratios for predators (DIDP)

Table 3.3 PEC/PNEC ratios for agricultural soil (DINP)

Table 3.4 PEC/PNEC ratios for predators (DINP)

Table 4.1 Inhalation occupational exposure (DIDP)

Table 4.1 Inhalation occupational exposure (DINP)

Table 4.2 End products containing DIDP, sources of exposure and categories of consumers exposed

Table 4.3 External and internal exposure for consumers (DIDP)

Table 4.2 End products containing DINP, sources of exposure and categories of consumers exposed

Table 4.3 External and internal exposure for consumers (DINP)

Table 4.4 Internal exposure for adults, children and infants (DIDP)

Table 4.4 Internal exposure for adults, children and infants (DINP)

Some phthalates and their applications

Structure and uses of the three phthalates assessed by the ECB

Table 3.2 PECs calculated for the various stages of the life cycle of DINP

Directive on Phthalate-containing soft PVC toys and childcare articles